globe-alt Visit our US site Contact
EN
DE
ES
FR
PT
user Login

The Small 1x1 of Machine Vision

Camera Technologies in Machine Vision

The Eye of Every Vision System

The camera is one of the most important elements in any machine vision system. It captures the image data that drives inspection, measurement, and control processes. Choosing the right camera technology directly affects system resolution, speed, light sensitivity and integration complexity. At STEMMER IMAGING, we help customers select and configure the best-fit camera for each application.

Key Industrial Camera Types

Industrial cameras come in various technologies – each suited to specific tasks and environments:
 
  • Area Scan Cameras  – The standard choice for most 2D inspections; capture full-frame images
  • Line Scan Cameras  – Used for continuous materials (textiles, films, rotating parts); build images line by line
  • 3D Cameras – Capture depth data; used for bin picking, volume measurement, and robotic guidance

Matching Specs to Application Requirements

Selecting the right camera involves understanding performance parameters such as:

Sensor type: CMOS vs. CCD

The type of sensor plays a central role in determining both the image quality and the applicability of the camera. Although CCD sensors were traditionally used in machine vision, CMOS sensors have become the standard for most industrial applications thanks to their higher sensitivity, lower cost and reduced power consumption. CMOS sensors also enable higher frame rates and are better suited to integration into compact systems.

Resolution defines the smallest detectable feature.

The resolution of a camera refers to the number of active pixels on the sensor. It is critical for detecting details in machine vision. Higher resolution enables the capture of smaller features, which is vital for accurate inspections and quality control.

 

When designing a system, it is important to calculate the optimal camera resolution in order to solve the inspection task in a robust and cost-effective manner. Oversizing the resolution can lead to unnecessary costs and increased data processing, while insufficient resolution may not capture the required details adequately.

 

Frame rate impacts inspection speed and timing.

The frame rate, measured in frames per second (fps), affects the speed and efficiency of the inspection. In applications involving the quick movement or processing of objects, a high frame rate is crucial to ensure that all relevant information is captured without any image data being lost. An inadequate frame rate can lead to processing delays and inaccurate results.

Shutter type: global for moving parts and rolling for static inspections.

The type of shutter significantly impacts image quality, particularly when capturing moving objects. Global shutters capture the entire image simultaneously, making them ideal for moving parts as they minimise motion blur.

 

Rolling shutters, on the other hand, capture the image line by line and are better suited to static inspections where motion is less critical. Choosing the right shutter type depends heavily on the specific application and the motion dynamics of the objects being inspected.

Interface: USB3, GigE Vision, CoaXPress or Camera Link.

The camera interface influences not only the data transfer speed, but also compatibility with existing systems. USB3 is ideal for simple applications with low bandwidth requirements, while GigE Vision and CoaXPress are better suited to more demanding applications requiring higher data rates and longer cable lengths.

 

Camera Link offers high bandwidth and is commonly found in industrial applications where real-time processing is required. The choice of interface should be based on the application's specific requirements.

Housing: compact, IP-rated or temperature-controlled for harsh environments.

The camera housing must be matched to the environment in which it will be used. Compact housings are ideal for space-constrained applications, while IP-rated housings provide additional protection against dust and water, which is vital in industrial settings.

 

In extreme temperatures, a temperature-controlled housing may be necessary to ensure the camera operates reliably. Considering environmental conditions is crucial to ensuring the camera's durability and performance.

Integration Considerations

A high-quality camera must be matched with optics, lighting, software and mechanical design. STEMMER IMAGING supports:
 
  • Camera selection and specification
  • Interface integration and cabling
  • Mechanical mounting and optical alignment
  • Multi-camera synchronization for complex views

OEM Modules & Embedded Imaging

For space-constrained or high-volume applications, compact OEM camera modules are available. These allow deeper integration in robotics, medical devices, and consumer equipment. STEMMER IMAGING supports hardware customization, thermal management and regulatory considerations.

MORE Services for Camera Systems

Benefit from our complete support:
 
Engineering Services
  • Performance calculations, interface matching, camera testing
 
Operational Services
  • Pre-mounted camera modules, aligned optics, calibration
 
Special Solutions
  • Custom housings, embedded camera designs, cleanroom-ready integration
 
We don’t just deliver cameras – we deliver visual precision, system-ready.
Tech News Contact